translated article in markdown format

We must not include JSON or code blocks. Just plain text.

We need to translate title, summary, and article content (the HTML parts) into Chinese, preserving markdown format. The original article includes HTML tags like

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,

,

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• ,
  , etc. We should translate the text inside those tags, keep the tags. Also need to translate the example etc.

  We must ensure summary under 160 characters Chinese characters? Probably count characters. We'll craft concise summary.

  Let's translate:

  Title: "Cryptocurrency Tax Reporting Guide for Traders and Affiliates 2025" => "2025 年交易者及联盟营销者的加密货币税务申报指南"

  Summary: original: "Learn essential cryptocurrency tax reporting steps, record‑keeping tips, and compliance strategies for traders and affiliate marketers in 2025."

  Translate: "了解 2025 年交易者和联盟营销者必备的加密货币税务申报步骤、记账技巧及合规策略。" Count characters: Let's count roughly: 了解(2) 2025年(4) 交易者和联盟营销者必备的(??). We'll trust it's under 160.

  Now content: translate all paragraphs, list items, etc. Keep HTML tags.

  We'll need to translate headings and list items.

  Let's do translation:

  Cryptocurrency Tax Reporting Guide for Traders and Affiliates 2025

  =>

  2025 年交易者及联盟营销者的加密货币税务申报指南

  The rapid growth of crypto markets has attracted both active traders and affiliate marketers who earn commissions by promoting exchanges, wallets, or DeFi projects. While the opportunities are exciting, tax authorities worldwide are tightening rules around digital asset income. Understanding your reporting obligations and adopting solid record‑keeping habits can save you from costly penalties and ensure you keep more of your profits.

  Translate:

  加密货币市场的快速增长吸引了活跃交易者和通过推广交易所、钱包或 DeFi 项目赚取佣金的联盟营销者。虽然机遇令人兴奋，但全球税务机关正在收紧对数字资产收入的监管。了解您的申报义务并养成良好的记录习惯，可以避免高额罚款并确保您保留更多利润。

  Why Tax Compliance Matters for Crypto Participants

  =>

  为什么税务合规对加密货币参与者至关重要

  Tax agencies treat cryptocurrency as property in many jurisdictions (e.g., the IRS in the U.S., HMRC in the UK, CRA in Canada). That means every sale, trade, or even certain uses of crypto can trigger a taxable event. For affiliates, referral bonuses paid in tokens are considered ordinary income at the fair market value when received. Ignoring these rules can lead to audits, interest charges, and fines.

  Translate:

  在许多司法管辖区（例如美国的 IRS、英国的 HMRC、加拿大的 CRA），税务机关将加密货币视为财产。这意味着每次出售、交易，甚至某些使用加密货币的行为都可能构成应税事件。对于联盟营销者，以代币形式支付的推荐奖金在收到时按公允市场价值视为普通收入。忽视这些规定可能导致审计、利息费用和罚款。

  Core Concepts Every Crypto Earner Should Know

  =>

  每位加密货币收入者应了解的核心概念

  Then list items.

  • Taxable Event: Any disposition of crypto (selling for fiat, trading one token for another, using crypto to purchase goods/services) or receipt of income (staking rewards, airdrops, affiliate commissions).
  • Cost Basis: The amount you originally paid to acquire the asset, including fees. This figure is used to calculate capital gains or losses.
  • Fair Market Value (FMV): The price of the crypto in your local currency at the moment the transaction occurs. Most tax guidance requires you to use the exchange rate from a reputable source at the exact time of the event.
  • Holding Period: Determines whether gains are short‑term (taxed as ordinary income) or long‑taxed at a lower rate. The threshold varies by country (e.g., one year in the U.S.).

  Translate each:

  1. 应税事件: 任何处置加密货币（用法币出售、一种代币兑换另一种、用加密货币购买商品/服务）或收入取得（质押奖励、空投、联盟佣金）。
  2. 成本基础: 您最初购买资产所支付的金额，包含手续费。该数字用于计算资本收益或损失。
  3. 公允市场价值（FMV）: 交易发生时加密货币在当地货币中的价格。大多数税务指引要求您使用信誉良好的来源在事件发生的确切时间点的汇率。
  4. 持有期限: 决定收益是短期（按普通收入征税）还是长期（按较低税率征税）。门槛因国家而异（例如美国为一年）。

  Next section:

  Setting Up a Reliable Tracking System

  =>

  建立可靠的追踪系统

  1. Choose a Dedicated Tool

  =>

  1. 选择专用工具

  Manual spreadsheets work for low volume, but most traders and affiliates benefit from crypto‑specific tax software (e.g., CoinTracker, Koinly, TokenTax). These platforms connect to exchanges via API, import CSV histories, and automatically calculate gains/losses using your chosen accounting method (FIFO, LIFO, Specific Identification).

  Translate:

  手动电子表格适用于交易量较低的情况，但大多数交易者和联盟营销者会从专门的加密货币税务软件中受益（如 CoinTracker、Koinly、TokenTax）。这些平台通过 API 连接交易所，导入 CSV 历史数据，并根据您选择的会计方法（FIFO、LIFO、特定识别）自动计算盈亏。

  2. Capture Every Transaction

  =>

  2. 捕获每笔交易

  • Trades: Import both sides of each trade (sell and buy).
  • Deposits/Withdrawals: Record fiat on‑ramps and off‑ramps to establish cost basis when moving money in/out of exchanges.
  • Affiliate Earnings: Log the date, token amount, and FMV of each referral bonus. Treat this as ordinary income and add it to your total revenue.
  • Staking, Mining, Airdrops: Capture the FMV at receipt; these are also ordinary income.

  Translate:

  5. 交易: 导入每笔交易的双方（卖出和买入）。
  6. 存入/提取: 记录法币入金和出金，以便在资金进出交易所时确定成本基础。
  7. 联盟收益: 记录每笔推荐奖金的日期、代币数量和 FMV。将其视为普通收入，并加入总收入。
  8. 质押、挖矿、空投: 在收到时记录 FMV；这些同样属于普通收入。

  3. Keep Supporting Documentation

  =>

  3. 保留支持文档

  Save screenshots, email confirmations, and blockchain explorers links that show transaction IDs, timestamps, and values. If questioned by tax authorities, you’ll need to prove the FMV you reported.

  Translate:

  保存截图、电子邮件确认以及区块链浏览器链接，以显示交易 ID、时间戳和数值。如果税务机关提出质疑，您需要证明您报告的 FMV。

  Calculating Gains and Losses for Traders

  =>

  计算交易者的收益与损失

  1. Determine Cost Basis for each unit sold using your chosen method.
  2. Subtract the cost basis (plus any transaction fees) from the proceeds (FMV of what you received).
  3. Result: Positive = capital gain; Negative = capital loss.
  4. Aggregate all gains and losses for the tax year. Many jurisdictions allow you to offset capital gains with losses, and some permit carrying excess losses forward to future years.

  Translate:

  9. 确定成本基础: 使用您选择的方法计算每单位售出的成本基础。
  10. 减去: 从所得款项（您所收到物品的 FMV）中减去成本基础（以及任何交易费用）。
  11. 结果: 正数 = 资本收益；负数 = 资本损失。
  12. 汇总: 汇总全年所有收益与损失。许多司法管辖区允许用资本损失抵消资本收益，且一些地区允许将超额损失结转至以后年度。

  Example (U.S. FIFO)

  =>

  示例（美国 FIFO）

  • Bought 1 BTC at $30,000 (Jan 15).
  • Bought another 1 BTC at $35,000 (Mar 10).
  • Sold 1 BTC on June 1 for $40,000.
    Using FIFO, the cost basis is $30,000 → gain = $10,000 (short‑term if held <1 year).

  Translate:

  13. 买入 1 枚 BTC，价格 30,000 美元（1 月 15 日）。
  14. 再买入 1 枚 BTC，价格 35,000 美元（3 月 10 日）。
  15. 于 6 月 1 日卖出 1 枚 BTC，价格 40,000 美元。
      采用 FIFO，成本基础为 30,000 美元 → 收益 = 10,000 美元（若持有时间少于 1 年则为短期）。

  Reporting Affiliate Income

  =>

  申报联盟收入

  Affiliate commissions are treated like self‑employment or miscellaneous income:

  • Convert each crypto payment to your local currency using the FMV on the date received.
  • Report the total as ordinary income on your tax return (e.g., Schedule C in the U.S.).
  • Deduct eligible business expenses: marketing costs, website hosting, referral software subscriptions, and a portion of home office expenses if applicable.
  • Self‑Employment Tax: If you’re operating as a sole proprietor, you may owe self‑employment tax on net earnings.

  Translate:

  联盟佣金视同自雇或其他杂